Development and Validation of a Stressor-Coping Style Scale for Students in a Public Medical School

Abstract

Background. The medical curriculum is one of the most stressful academic curricula worldwide. Studies indicate that great levels of stress, that encompass academics to personal life, may be connected to a number of worrying statistics for the mental health of Philippine medical students.

Objectives. To develop a validated stressor-coping style scale for students in a public medical school.

Methods. The study employed a sequential mixed-methods design. An open-ended questionnaire was used to
determine the common stressors and coping styles through convenience sampling. A scale was constructed from this data and was statistically tested for concurrent validity and reliability from a random sample.

Results. Following thematic analysis, an initial six stressor domains and eleven coping mechanisms were identified. However, after item analysis and principal component analysis of responses, the scale was transformed to seven stressor domains and five coping mechanism domains. All of which are deemed internally consistent (?>0.6). Scores from the scale were also convergent with the scores of Brief COPE (r=0.5 to 0.9).

Conclusions. The developed stressor-coping style scale for medical students is a reliable and valid tool for Filipino medical students in a public medical school.